Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
Assistant Professor of Pathology, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
2
Associate Professor of Radiology, Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
10.22034/mphrj.2026.586292.1101
Abstract
Introduction: Gastroesophageal junction cancers show variable responses to chemo-induction, highlighting the need for predictive biomarkers. PD-L1, through its role in tumor–immune interactions, may help identify patients more likely to benefit from preoperative treatment. This study aimed to retrospectively evaluate chemo-induction outcomes in GEJ cancers with emphasis on PD-L1 as a predictive pathologic biomarker.
Material and methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study, approved by the Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Ethics Committee, evaluated 100 gastroesophageal junction cancer patients at Shahid Madani Hospital. Using accessible sampling, clinical data and PD-L1 expression were analyzed. Statistical analyses, including chi-square tests and logistic regression, were performed to identify predictors of pathological response.
Results: In 100 patients, baseline variables were comparable between the dexmedetomidine and lidocaine groups (all p > 0.05). Infusion duration, surgery time, anesthesia time, treatment completion, pathological findings, treatment response, and PD-L1 positivity did not differ significantly between groups. Only total study drug dose differed significantly (92.6 ± 18.4 µg vs. 248.3 ± 41.7 mg, p < 0.001).
Conclusion: These findings indicate that dexmedetomidine and lidocaine were associated with broadly similar perioperative, pathological, and immunohistochemical outcomes in this cohort. The absence of significant between-group differences in pathological response and PD-L1 expression suggests that neither intervention demonstrated clear superiority in influencing tumor-related postoperative characteristics.
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